The current US-China conflict over rare earth minerals represents the culmination of thirty years of strategic industrial policy shifts, according to industry analysis. Recent export controls follow patterns China established in 2010, with American dependence traced to approved technology transfers and domestic production decline. Experts suggest rebuilding strategic sectors will require sustained investment and policy commitment.
Historical Context of Rare Earth Dependence
The ongoing tension between the United States and China over rare earth minerals represents shadow boxing with very real consequences, according to industry analysts who trace current dependencies to policy decisions made decades ago. Sources indicate that China’s export controls on these critical minerals—essential for semiconductors, electric vehicles, smartphones, and defense systems—stem from a deliberate, long-term strategy that the U.S. enabled through industrial policy choices dating to the 1990s.